The impact of predator attack behaviour on interactions in two-prey and one-predator systems / Zati Iwani Abdul Manaf, Suziana Aida Othman and Wan Nurul Husna Wan Nordin

This research explores a three-species model of prey and predator interactions, which includes primary and secondary prey and a predator. The main concern is the potential disturbance caused by uncontrolled predator attacks, which can harm the coexistence of species and disrupt the entire food chain system. Thus, this research aims to analyse the impact of predator attacks on primary and secondary prey, focusing on coexistence dynamics or potential extinction within the system. The approach involves formulating a simplified ordinary differential equation for a two-prey and one-predator system, calculating equilibrium points, and performing theoretical stability analysis. Numerical simulations are executed using Maple and MATLAB software to validate the theoretical findings, providing a strong foundation for the research outcomes. The main findings indicate that high-intensity predator attacks can result in the extinction of prey populations, while moderate-intensity attacks facilitate the coexistence of all species. In summary, this research emphasises the significant role of comprehending the interactions between predators and prey within ecological environments. Through clarifying the consequences of predator attacks on prey populations and their survival or disappearance trends, this research provides essential perspectives for initiatives aimed at ecological preservation.