Dynamic process safety assessment by mapping ALOHA simulation into BOW-TIE analysis: application to distillation column in production of Methanol Route 1 / Muhammad Izzat Amir Azmi

The increasing use and distribution of chemicals are causing serious chemical accidents such as fires, explosions, and leaks during manufacturing and handling. Regarding the reports on the past accident investigation, an accident starts with loss of containment of hazardous substance resulting in fire, explosion, or vapor cloud explosion. The study's goals are to analyse the safety hazard and risks posed during the preliminary design stage and to propose an appropriate risk mitigation strategy for reducing the identified hazard and measured risk using Basic Over Web Tactical Imagery (BOW-TIE) analysis and Areal Location of Hazardous Atmospheres (ALOHA) software. In this study, the BOWTIE analysis method and the ALOHA software are integrated to improve the present safety assessment methods and their application to the design and design of chemical processes. This is due to existing methods having limitations, such as unable to predict the threat zone and the inability to predict the risk assessment. BOW-TIE analysis is incapable to predict the clear consequences of the threat zone and is unable to predict visually. However, using ALOHA software may estimate the threat zone's distance to visualize the damage range of the hazard consequences. ALOHA is needed to overview the accident possibilities that may occur in that location. In this study, Production of Methanol Route 1 in Distillation column shows that the worst threat zone that releases Methanol. The red zone is around 1.1 kilometres (AEGL-3) and the range of the orange zone is around 1.8 kilometres (AEGL-2) and the yellow zone is 3.1 kilometres (AEGL-1). As the result, this study was carried out to enhance and combine ALOHA software and BOW-TIE analysis in order to create a more comprehensive assessment towards hazard and risk consequences and also cover a research gap by developing an integration method.