Comparative design study of pipeline geometries using cubic b-spline curves and trigonometric b-spline curves

Pipeline design plays a crucial role in fluid transport efficiency, as pipeline geometry directly influences flow behaviour, including pressure loss and velocity distribution. This study presents a comparative analysis of pipelines modelled using cubic B-spline (CBS) and cubic trigonometric B-spline (CTBS) curves. Control points were employed to define the pipeline geometries, and the resulting curves were analysed to assess their suitability for fluid flow applications. Computational simulations were performed to evaluate pressure loss and velocity distribution within the pipelines, providing a basis for performance comparison. The results indicate that CTBS-based pipelines exhibit smoother directional transitions and lower pressure losses compared to CBS-based designs, while CBS offers higher geometric accuracy in shape representation. These findings suggest that CTBS has the potential to enhance pipeline flow performance. Overall, this study emphasises the importance of curve selection in pipeline design and provides a systematic framework for improving pipeline geometry using advanced B- spline techniques.