Automated robot movement for sorting (ARMS)

Manual sorting of packages remains a labour-intensive and error-prone process in logistics operations. With increasing demand for efficient material handling, industries are seeking lowcost automation solutions that can enhance throughput and reduce reliance on manual labour. This paper presents the design and implementation of an Automated Robotic Movement for Sorting (ARMS) prototype, developed with affordable components totalling approximately RM 564.75. The system integrates embedded electronics, dual-microcontroller communication, and sensor technology to automate the sorting of packages based on attributes such as colour and height. A conveyor belt system works in tandem with a robotic arm to classify and place objects into designated bins, with real-time status feedback displayed on an LCD interface. The ARMS system achieves reliable pick-and-place operations, demonstrating a 95% success rate. The low cost and versatility of the system make it an ideal solution for higher learning institutions for hands-on training in robotics and automation. It also offers small-to-medium enterprises (SMEs) an affordable entry point into automation, promoting increased productivity without significant financial investment. Troubleshooting and iterative design improvements were crucial in addressing sensor calibration, servo misalignment, and communication issues. Overall, ARMS presents a scalable, cost-effective solution with significant potential for both educational and industrial applications.