Vehicle model development for energy consumption study: for diesel mining truck / Imanul Ilmi, Mohammad Adhitya and Seno Sahisnu Rawikara

The study develops a model of a mining truck with a 709-kW diesel engine, focusing on fuel consumption from simulation results. The model was validated by comparing reference data with simulation results of vehicle speed using a longitudinal dynamic model. Speed variations simulated the vehicle’s operating dynamics. This model is a basis for developing vehicle models with other propulsion types. It follows the driving cycle under various conditions but shows decreased accuracy with increased load, indicating reliability for baseline scenarios but needing refinement for extreme conditions. The study also investigates the impact of road inclination and external factors on fuel consumption. Higher inclines increase fuel consumption, particularly during acceleration due to elevated torque demand. Scenarios without added load from road inclines or wind resistance exhibit lower and more stable fuel consumption. Analysis confirms that increased road incline and wind speed significantly heighten engine load and fuel consumption. The no-load scenario demonstrates less variability, indicating more consistent engine operation without external disturbances. A research gap exists in understanding the effects of high-incline conditions on energy consumption, particularly for mining trucks. Existing models provide a good foundation but must be more accurate in steep inclines, high payloads, and adverse weather. This gap suggests further refinement of the models to enhance their accuracy and reliability in predicting fuel consumption under challenging scenarios. Future research should focus on developing more sophisticated models for these conditions, potentially integrating simulation techniques and data records to understand better and mitigate the incline impact on energy consumption in heavy-duty vehicles.