Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of ethanol leaf extracts of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa against raw 264.7 macrophage cells / Azizah Munirah Ab Keram @ Ab Karem

Prolonged inflammation and oxidative stress contribute to a plethora of detrimental inflammatory and oxidative diseases. Previous studies have proven Rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaves are well-known anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent. The present study was conducted to further identify PIC in 95% ethanol extracts of R. tomentosa leaves (EtRT) found in Malaysia and assess their cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities in search of a potential dual-effect drug. Identification of PIC in EtRT extracts was done by utilizing RP- HPLC and LC-MS procedures. Cytotoxicity properties were assessed with the MTT assay while anti-inflammatory properties were assessed by NO inhibition assay and the regulation of iNOS protein expression through the Western Blotting (WB) assay, both in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Preliminary antioxidant properties assessment was determined with DPPH radical scavenging activity and FRAP assay, further followed with inhibition of intracellular ROS assay in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. During RP-HPLC analysis, PIC in EtRT extracts eluted at 4.054 minutes and was confirmed by comparison to its PIC standard peak eluted at 4.028 minutes.