Review on chemical composition of essential oil from piperaceae as bio-pesticide / Nina Asqalani Abdullah

Essential oil (EO) extracted from plants had helped to reduce the usage of synthetic pesticides. The chemical components in EO mainly consist of alkaloid which is piperine that is responsible for most of the biological properties of the EO itself. Besides that, monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes are among the major components in EO. Piperaceae has been reported to have many biological properties such as antimicrobial, insecticidal, larvicidal which can be used as bio-pesticide. The percentage of components identified depends on place of origin, climate, plant species, and plant parts used to extract EO. The activities of EO are related to the functional groups for each of the chemical components, the possibility of synergistic interactions between those components, chemical configurations of the components and proportions in which the EO is present. Since the technology has become more advanced, people started to replace the synthetic pesticide with bio-pesticide. The demand for EO has increasing as it has biological properties that can be uses to replace synthetic pesticide.