Theory of planned behaviour and determinants for cash waqf intention / Ruslaina Yusoff, Shariful Amran Abd Rahman and Wan Nazihah Wan Mohamed

The concept of waqf or donation was introduced during the era of Prophet Mohammad (pbuh) which has fulfilled the important role of satisfying the needs of Islamic community. By some means, waqf is a voluntary act while zakat or giving alms is compulsory to Muslims when their wealth attains the minimum amount of nisab. Waqf refers to retaining and preserving a specific property or asset donated by its owner for the cause of Allah to be used for philanthropy and the benefit of ummah (Farra Munna, Bayu Taufiq, Muhammad Hakimi & Abd. Halim, 2014). Previously, Muslims have the belief that waqf should only be in the form of property like land and building. However, there are other types of waqf which include cash waqf, agricultural machinery, cattle, shares, gold and stocks (Soliha & Muhammad Hakimi, 2015).

Cash waqf is charitable endowment established with cash capital (Cizakca, 2004) which is created to support those in need in the name of Allah. According to Lahsasna (2010), cash waqfs are mobilization funds from donors based on perpetuity which are invested towards productive assets to provide either usufruct or revenue for future consumption by individuals or groups by taking into account the policy and guideline provided by the donors and receivers. In other words, the fund received will be invested or transferred to other types of assets to generate some returns which will be used by Muslim community in various religious activities (Soliha & Muhammad Hakimi, 2015). In addition, Pitchay, Mydin Meera and Saleem (2014) asserted that the recipients of waqf also cover an extensive scope of activities with the aim to develop and reinforce social and economic developments of a country.