The chemical analysis of sea grapes and green tea constituents as firming night cream / Siti Nur Azila Kholid

Plants from different families were selected which were Caulerpa lentillifera sp. and Camellia sinensis sp. Caulerpa lentillifera sp. also known as sea grape is a type of seaweed. While Camellia sinensis sp. is commonly known as green tea. These plants were chosen as main ingredients in firming night cream because they possess wide bioactive compound. Chemically, biologically and physically analysis was conducted such as antibacterial assay, antioxidant assay, heavy metals assay and total phenolic content. The sea grapes and green tea plants were extracted by using the maceration method, where for sea grapes ethanol is used as a solvent and for green tea methanol is used as a solvent. The percentage yield for sea grape and green tea are 14.57% and 10.74%. Total Phenolic Content analysis value of green tea and sea grape obtained were 0.069 ± 3.14 and 0.244 ± 2.40 (mg GAE/g) respectively. The highest percentage of radical scavenging capacity for antioxidant activity was 61.35% for green tea while for sea grape it is 58.62%. The inhibition zones of Escherichia coli and Bacillus licheniformis were 0.80 cm to 1.40 cm for antibacterial assay. The elements of heavy metals assay were found in the sea grape and green tea in low concentration. The presence of phenolic compound in both plants extract was successfully identify its functional groups when analysed with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis (FTIR). The pH of formulated firming night cream is ranging between 6.18 to 6.21 which suitable for human skin. These tests were examined to ensure that the formulation for firming night cream is not harmful to human skin and can give benefits when applied it to skin.