Elucidating micro-morphological and kinetic release of growth factors from concentrated growth factors in periodontitis patients with Diabetes Mellitus type 2 / Mohd Salman Masri

Objective This study aimed to (1) compare the morphology of Concentrated Factors
(CGF) of diabetic patient and healthy individuals under scanning electron microscope
(SEM), (2) analyze the kinetic release of growth factors from CGF of healthy patient
(3) compare the kinetic release of growth factors from CGF of diabetic patient and
healthy individuals with generalized periodontitis. Materials and Methods Venous
blood was collected from eight diabetic patient (test) and eight medically healthy
(control), both with generalized periodontitis stage 2 and 3. CGF were extracted from
the centrifuged blood and placed in DMEM culture medium. The culture medium was
recollected at 5 hours, 24 hours, 5 days, 7 days, and 10 days. PDGF, TGF, FGF, and
VEGF were quantified using MILLIPLEX® MAP Human 4-plex Proteomics Assay kit.
Results The SEM of test group shows 3D collagen network architecture which is thick
and condensed with multiple branches while the control group is thinner strand and less
branches. All four growth factors measured were continuously released until day 10 in
both healthy and diabetic groups. There were statistically significant different in the
pattern of PDGF (F=3.805, p=0.018) and TGF (F=2.836, p=0.05) release with relation
to time when comparing healthy and diabetic groups. The release of PDGF were
significantly different at T3 where 15,976 pg/ml (±1529) released from healthy group
where only 6,074 pg/ml (±1755) were released from diabetic group. There were no
significant different of TGF release at any time points. Moreover, there were no
statistically significant different comparing the kinetic release pattern of VEGF and
FGF or at specific time point between healthy and diabetic group. Conclusion The CGF
of diabetic mellitus released similar concentration of growth factors, at similar pattern
when compared to CGF of healthy individuals. Clinical Relevance CGF of diabetic
patient may have similar physical and biological properties as healthy patient, thus can
be utilize as an autologous source of growth factors for accelerating wound healing.