Potential waste paper sludge ash as cement replacement In chemical aspects / Marzuki Ab. Rahman and Mohd Syahrul Hisyam Mohd Sani

Cement or some form of binding agent is an important element in all types of construction and in recent years the cement market has been dominated by one product, Ordinary Portland Cement (OPe). In many countries of the active construction works, OPC is an expensive and sometimes scarce commodity. Thus, Pozzolanas has been an important ingredient in the production of an alternative cementing material to ordinary Portland cement (OPe). Pozzolanas or cement replacement are materials containing reactive silica and/or alumina which on their own have little or no binding property but, when mixed with lime in the presence of water, will set and harden like a cement. The Greeks and the Romans were the first civilisations known to use pozzolanas in lime mortars. The Romans used not only crushed pottery, bricks and tiles which formed the first artificial pozzolanas but also, found that some volcanic soils or ashes were excellent for producing a hydraulic mortar. Nowadays, a wide variety of siliceous or aluminous materials are- used for producing pozzolanas, the common materials being calcined clays, pulverised fly ash, volcanic ash and ash from agricultural residues such as rice husks. This paper presents a study of the potential of Waste Paper Sludge Ash (WPSA) as a partial or fully cements replacement in different percentages. WPSA is a waste material taken from Malaysian Newsprint Industries sludge incinerator. Various tests were carried out to evaluate the potential of WPSA as cement replacement and compared with other cementitious materials or waste material like Silica Fume, Ground Granulated Blastfurnace Slag (GGBS) and rice husk ash. The WPSA will be checked the component of chemical inside it by using chemical analysis like Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) and Loss of Ignition (LOJ). All results lead to the conclusion that WPSA is highly recommended to be a partial or fully cement replacement in concrete.