Optimization of oil removal by adsorbent-based pineapple peel waste using response surface methodology / Sophia Lenja Roger, Diandra Deborah Michael and Mohammad Abdullah

The developing of oil recovery these days contribute a lot to the country's economy and technological development. This in turn has caused the oil pollution to become worst. Hence, studies has been carried out to improve the environment through natural resources as adsorbent to manage oil pollution. The main objective of this study is to produce a low cost and plentiful in cleaning oil spill. This is because oil spills cause a very localized problem but can be catastrophic to local marine wildlife .. The pineapples were cut into smaller pieces, dried under sunlight for 72 hours and grounded into powder. The pineapple peel powder was then treated sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution and then treated with acetic acid. It was then placed into different bag and meshed to absorb different types of oil; cooking oil and used lubricant oil using three factors; initial dosage of adsorbent, volume of oil and soaking time. The initial amounts of adsorbent used in the experiment were 0.2g, 0.6g and l.0g with different soaking time of 40 minutes, 25 minutes and 10 minutes. The volume of oil used in this experiment were 5mL, 7.5mL, and 30mL. The test was started by weighing the pineapple peel powder at 0.2g. Then, it was added into a beaker containing water and oil. The mixture was then stirred and left for 10 minutes. The adsorbent was then weighed again and the data was recorded. The test was then repeated for different amount of adsorbent (0.2g, 0.6g and l g) for each types of oil (lubricant oil and cooking oil), different amount of oil used (5mL, 17.SmL, and 30mL)
and for different contact time (40 minutes, 25 minutes and 10 minutes). Each experiment for each parameter was done 3 times in order to obtain the most precise results. Based on the experiment, the percentage of oil adsorption was in the range of 19.5% to 341.72% for cooking oil and 37.00% to 752.0% for used lubricating oil. The optimum conditions for maximum percentage for oil adsorption of pineapple peel waste and cooking oil were 39.97 minutes for contact time, 0.61g for adsorbent dosage and 29.96mL for volume of oil and the percentage of oil adsorption
calculated at these values found to be 357.468% while the optimum conditions for maximum percentage for oil adsorption of pineapple peel waste and used lubricant oil were 39.48 minutes for contact time, 0.20g for adsorbent dosage