Competitiveness of rice productions among states in Malaysia using constant market share analysis / Muhammad Shahrul Afzie Ruaiha

Rice is the most produced food in Malaysia as it is the staple food for Malaysian citizen. A Malaysian consumes an average of 82.3 kilograms a year, thus population growth has led to more demand. In the beginning of 2020, many countries have suspended their rice exports including Vietnam, following the spread of Covid-19. The purpose of this study is to observe the competitiveness of rice production among states in Malaysia. This research applies constant market share (CMS) analysis in identifying the competitiveness of rice production among 13 states in Malaysia. CMS analysis is commonly used in the applied studies of export development. This research also analyses the adequacy of rice supplies in Malaysia in sustaining annual consumption. The information obtained using CMS analysis is important for the Department of Agriculture and Food Industry Malaysia to identify which state produces the highest rice based on the agricultural land size. The results of the study show that Kedah has the largest production of rice and agricultural land size in the country. In term of rice production and agricultural land size competitiveness, Kedah and Kelantan rice productions are the most competitive for year 2015 until 2017 and Selangor is the least competitive in this period. For the year 2017 until 2019 Selangor changed to be the most competitive with Kedah in the second position and Sarawak happened to be the least competitive. It seems that Kedah is consistent in its competitiveness compared to Selangor, Kelantan, and Sarawak. As for Sabah it is the most competitive in agricultural land size for both periods.