Effect of outdoor education program on self-efficacy belief towards secondary school students / Nor Ain Samsudin

This study addressed three mains purposes, which are; ( l) to examine the effect of outdoor education towards participant's self-efficacy beliefs; (2) to investigate the effect of outdoor education on participant self-efficacy beliefs influences by socio¬ demographic of gender; and (3) to determine correlation between frequency of previous outdoor education experience and self-efficacy. This study utilized pre and post experimental group design. The 27 item of Generalized of Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES, Sholz, 2002) was administered among (N = 80, experimental group) secondary school student level and age in a range of 13-17 years old. The primary finding of this study supported that outdoor education camp give effect on participant's self-efficacy belief. The result of Paired Sample T-test the experimental group's indicated that there were significant changes in their score (t ( 1, 79) = -21.894, p = 0.00. Before the camp, their mean score was 2.401 and after the camp, the mean score significantly increase to 3.325. Then, the overall result of Independent Sample T-test, as to examine influence of socio demographic variables of gender in self-efficacy belief indicated were no significant recorded (t (1, 79) = -0.346, p = .888) between female and male score in pre-test. And, there were no significant difference recorded in the post-test (t (1, 79) = -1.386, p = .257). Besides that, the result of Correlation analyses as to determine the relationship between frequency of previous outdoor education experience and self-efficacy beliefs indicated were r = -.119 (low correlation) and p-value <0.05 (do not significant). The researcher concludes there is no relationship between variables.