Effects of different concentration of both naphthaleneacetic acid and 6-benzylaminopurine in callus induction of capsicum frutescens / Nursuria Md. Setamam

Capsicum frutescens var. bird's eye chili belongs to Solanaceae family is known to have economic
properties due to its secondary metabolites such as capsaicin that can be used to treat various
diseases. In tissue culture, this plant is often been associated with recalcitrant which inability to
regenerate in in –vitro environment. Therefore in order to overcome this challenge, callus culture
becomes one of the important approaches to gain result in many tissue culture studies. Callus
induction of C. frutescens can provide many tremendous benefits such as somatic embryogenesis
and genetic engineering. In this study, the effect of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 6-
benzylaminopurine (BAP) in different concentration becomes subject of interest as to obtain
optimum result in term of growth formation, earliest initiation and morphology of callus that may
become the key factor for successful future studies that related with C. frutescens. The foliar
explants of C. frutescens were chosen as explant sample and further been sterilized by using 15%
NaOCI and ethanol 70%. The explants were then been cultured in MS media with seven different
treatments contained NAA and BAP (0.0 + 2.5, 2.5+0.0, 2.5+2.5, 2.5+5.0, 5.0+2.5, 2.5+10.0, and
10.0+2.5 mg/L) for one month. The result had shown that, treatments with concentration of NAA
(2.5 mg/L) and BAP (5.0 mg/L) had gained optimum level for earliest callus initiation in day 5
with highest callus growth. The result also has the best callus morphology which was pure white,
friable and soft texture which suitable to be used in future studies.