Synthesis and characterisation of palm oil based polyurethane composite with sea sand as a filler / Nor Fatihah Sameon

Palm oil based polyurethane sea sand composites (PU-SS) was prepared via in situ polymerisation and investigated by using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Instron Universal Testing Machine Model 5582, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Thermal Gravimetric Analysis. Polyurethane (PU) was produced by reacting the Palm Kernel Oil (PKO) with diisocyanate at a ratio of 1: 1.15. The
addition of the sea sand composites in PU system were at 5, 10 and 15 % by weight of the PU system and mixed by using overhead stirrer. FTIR spectra shows the alteration of the frequency and give confirmation of the PU produced. The formation of PU was confirm by the observation of absorption frequency at 3337 cm- 1 that show the presence of the NH group. Meanwhile, the presence of sea
sand filler was observed at the peak 3345 cm- 1 and 3365 cm- 1 which attributed to the OH stretching absorbance of Si-OH while the peak at around 1100 cm-1 isassigned to the Si-O stretching absorbance. Based on the compressive strength result by using Instron Universal Testing Machine Model 5582 shows that the PUSS 15 % give the highest compressive load reading compare to PU control, PU-SS
5 % and PU-SS 10 %. SEM analysis shows that the PU control has a flat and smooth surface and PU-SS 15 % demonstrated uniform distribution of the composite in the PU system. Based on TGA results it shows that PU-SS 15% have higher decomposition temperature compared to PU control respectively.