Phytochemical screening and susceptibility test of elaeis guineensis extracts against selected gram positive and gram negative bacteria at skin / Nur Syaidatul Ain Sharudin

Elaeis guineensis are usually known as oil palm. E. guineensis was come from
family family of Aracaceae, subfamily Cocoideae and genus of Elaeis.
Commonly, the people always used medicinal plant as an antibiotic and as a
disease healing. The most important and famous fact about the treatment of the
human pathogen was the bacteria have an abilities to develop a resistance to the
artificial antibiotic. Related with the problem that was occurred, this project was
conducted to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration using disc diffusion
of the leaves and oil's palm flower of E. guineensis extracts. The percentage yield
of the E. guineensis in methanol and hexane extracts were also identified in order
to choose the suitable solvent for E. guineensis to produce a lot amount of crude
extracts. Besides that, the presence of secondary metabolite in the extracts of
leaves and flower of E. guineensis also were identified using reagent and Thin
Layer Chromatography (TLC). Based on the observation, the data showed that the
percentage yield of methanol leaves extract was the highest yield compared with
other extract which was 8.82 % (35.27 g). The results also shows that the hexane
leaves extract yielded about 1.08 % (4.3 g), whereas the methanol and hexane
flower extract yielded about 5.55 % (22.19 g) and 0.48% (1.9 g) respectively. The
total of compound that was present in the methanol and hexane leaves extract by
using reagent and Thin Layer Chromatography analysis were alkaloid, flavonoid,
tannin, saponin, and terpenoid while the total compound that was present in
methanol and hexane of flower extract were flavonoid, glycoside, tannin and
saponin. Based on the antimicrobial studies showed that the methanol leaves
extract revealed the largest inhibition zone when against S. aureus and P.
aeruginosa which was 14.67 ± 1.20 and 9.00 ± 0.57 at concentration 300 mg/ml.