Evaluation of soil degradation due to [GPR] amplitude wave and electrical conductivity of soil / Muhammad Nor Mustakim Sazalee

Soil contamination that affected by the present of hydrocarbon product is one
of the most popular environmental issues. The present of petroleum hydrocarbon in the
soil will change the soil physical properties, due to the penetration of hydrocarbon in
the subsurface through soil particle. Thus, the presence of hydrocarbon will replace the
position of the water in the subsurface material. As a consequence, hydrocarbon will
change the electrical properties of the soil such as the dielectric constant and electrical
conductivity, which this process also will change the image of subsurface. Hence, due
to evaluation the change of subsurface image, the use of Ground Penetrating Radar
(GPR) signal that controlled by the electrical properties of soil can be used to determine
the electrical conductivity of soil. In addition, the aim of this study is detect the presence
of soil contamination that affected by the hydrocarbon. In relation to achieved the aim,
the objective of this study is to analyses the GPR amplitude wave and electrical
conductivity of uncontaminated and contaminated soil, and to evaluate the accuracy of
electrical conductivity of soil using GPR. In this study, the method use is the
manipulation of radar signal, using the experiment collected by the GPR instrument. In
addition, the investigation site involved in this study is simulation site with the size (2.0
m X 2.6 m X 1.5 m) that is in uncontaminated and contaminated ground condition and
also the fuel pump station. The measurements for the data collection use the MALA
GPR that having the frequency 800 MHz for the both investigation site. The result will
be present to shows that the contamination of soil is effected by both GPR amplitude
wave and electrical conductivity. Consequently, the outcome of this study is the GPR
amplitude wave at contaminated area with the value -66 are difference with the
uncontaminated area with value -304. Besides that, it also represents the electrical
conductivity at contaminated area with the value 0.077420 mS/m are difference with
the uncontaminated area with the value 0.077500 mS/m.