Visual ergonomics and user preference: a comprehensive comparative study of dark mode and light mode interfaces on the learning experience of higher education students

In the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR4.0), advances in digital technology have made interface design increasingly important in shaping the user experience. The usage of dark and bright modes in digital interfaces is one of the most often disputed topics, with claims that they impact readability, eye strain, user preferences, and general well-being. As a result, the purpose of this study is to look at the elements that determine user preferences for interface modes, as well as how they affect educational experiences and outcomes. This study takes a qualitative research strategy, collecting data through questionnaires and interviews. The poll included 30 students from Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Shah Alam, 15 males and 15 females, to guarantee a balanced perspective between genders. In addition, interviews with UI/UX professionals were performed to acquire a better understanding of the effectiveness of interfaces in real-world scenarios. This study is also consistent with SDG 4, which highlights the significance of excellent education and a suitable learning environment. The literature review focused on the physiological and psychological impacts of using dark and light modes, such as their influence on eye tiredness and cognitive function. The study's findings are intended to help designers and developers create digital interfaces that are more user-friendly, efficient, and promote long-term user well-being.