Development and validation of an activity book designed for kids early education to nutrition module: an introduction to a multimedia-rich learning experience for preschooler

This study aimed to develop and validate an interactive activity book based on the Kids Early Education to Nutrition (KEEN) module to enhance preschoolers’ understanding of basic nutrition concepts. The activity book was designed to improve unhealthy eating behaviours among children because early childhood is a critical period for establishing healthy dietary habits that may persist into adulthood. The study was conducted in three phases: Phase 1: development of the activity book based on Malaysian national nutrition guidelines, literature review and Kids Early Education to Nutrition. Phase II focused on content validation by expert panels, and Phase III involved face validation. This study adapts the validation form from Castro with seven criteria. A content validity index was used to analyse content validity, which includes I-CVI and S-CVI. While level of agreement was used to assess face validity. Content validity was assessed with a threshold of 0.83 or higher. Face validity was determined by a minimum of 80% agreement among experts. The book achieved a high S-CVI of 0.98 and exceeded 80% in face validity. In conclusion, the validated activity book shows strong content and face validity, making it a promising tool for early childhood nutrition education in Malaysia.