Calculating distance from Shah Alam to Ipoh by using least square method

This study aims to calculate the distance from Shah Alam to Ipoh, but the uneven surface of the map makes it difficult to measure with mathematical calculations. To address this, a strategy is needed to generate a mathematical equation that corresponds to the map model, so that the distance can be calculated even in uneven conditions. The least squares method is used to find the best-fit line or curve that minimises the overall sum of the squared differences between observed data points and predicted values. It is commonly used in regression analysis to determine the relationship between variables and make predictions. The distance of a map from Shah Alam to Ipoh can be determined using the least squares method and the Gauss-Jordan elimination method. The distance of region 1 + region 2 + region 3 is 17.9541 units, meaning 1 unit = 12.5km. The total arc length is 224.43 km, as the distance from Tanjong Karang to Kuala Selangor is 15km and the plotted graph is 1.2 units. This study provides a guide to learning and applying the least-squares method of interpolation, providing insights into its strengths, weaknesses, and practical implications.