IoT-enabled smart dustbin for real-time waste monitoring and scalable hygiene management in facilities

This study presents the design and implementation of an IoT-enabled smart dustbin system to improve waste monitoring and hygiene in large facilities. The system uses an ESP32 microcontroller, ultrasonic sensors to detect bin fill levels and user presence, a servomotor for automatic lid control, and tri-color LEDs to display the current bin status. Real-time data is sent to the Blynk mobile app, allowing maintenance teams to receive immediate alerts when the bin is nearly full or full. The system was tested through both simulation and physical hardware implementation, showing reliable sensor readings, accurate response to motion and fill levels, and effective mobile integration. The results confirm the system’s potential to reduce manual bin checks, support timely waste collection, and promote cleaner environments. For future improvement, features such as solar power integration, centralized monitoring for multiple bins, and automated waste locking when full are recommended to enhance energy efficiency and scalability in smart infrastructure applications.