New entrepreneurship education framework for Malaysian secondary schools based on design thinking, flipped classes, and the Korda method

Malaysian secondary education system tends to prioritise academic subjects and examination results, which may result in an insufficient emphasis on soft skills development, especially entrepreneurial skills. However, it is argued that entrepreneurial skills are essential lifelong skills that can elevate social status, so unemployment after high school or mismatched employment after graduation should be avoided. Therefore, this paper proposes a new framework for an entrepreneurial education module that incorporates design thinking, flipped classrooms, and the Korda method. This framework seeks to instil design thinking skills in entrepreneurship education to reframe students' views and perspectives into realising that entrepreneurship is a part of life. This framework requires holistic intervention from various stakeholders, primarily the private sector, which provides funding and the platform for the practice phase; the government, which must provide policies and funding to facilitate the implementation of this framework; and business leaders, who provide mentorship and expertise. By the end of this module, students should develop a perspective that entrepreneurship is a part of life in which they can identify market needs in every aspect of their lives and have the courage to fulfil those needs immediately after secondary school or after graduation.