Spatial temporal distribution analysis of COVID-19 cases in Sarawak

In Malaysia, the first comprehensive analysis of COVID-19 epidemiology data was found to be spatiotemporally diverse. For a long time, very high-intensity non-pharmaceutical therapies have been utilized to limit transmission. Long-term mobility restrictions have not succeeded in disease containment owing to pandemic fatigue. Understanding the temporal and geographical patterns of COVID-19 infection is critical for properly allocating limited resources. This study aims to use geographic information systems (GIS) to study the spatial pattern and trends of COVID-19 cases in Sarawak from March 2020 to March 2023. The general objective of this study is to evaluate the variation pattern of COVID-19 in Sarawak from Mac 2020 to March 2023. The specific objective includes discussing the spatial and temporal distribution of COVID-19 cases from March 2020 to March 2023 in Sarawak to determine the level of the hotspot and cold spot a spatial cluster of COVID-19 cases from March 2020 to March 2023 in Sarawak and to discuss hotspot and cold spot spatial cluster in Sarawak. Next, the method used to conduct this study is geography and demography information of the study areas, data collection, spatial distribution, and spatial autocorrelation. The methods used in this study have explained the location of the study, how to collect data related to cases, determine the covid-19 case distribution of each region in the study location, and the relationship between the method of calculating the case distribution and specifying the cluster category. In conclusion, the variation pattern of COVID-19 in Sarawak from March 2020 to March 2023 was evaluated. The results of the spatial distribution show clusters, while the global Moran shows that the incidence rate (IR) of the total COVID-19 cases was in a random pattern. The high negative spatial autocorrelation indicated distinct values clustered. COVID-19 infections have strong clusters in Kuching District. Throughout the epidemic, Kuching has been the COVID-19 disease epicenter in Sarawak. Approximately 35% of all COVID-19 conditions in Sarawak were diagnosed in Kuching from March 2020 to March 2023.