Spatial and temporal distribution of aedes sp. in outbreak and non-outbreak areas at gugusan Manjoi, Ipoh

Malaysia experiences tropical climate and is conducive for breeding ground and development of Aedes mosquitoes, known vector for dengue. Dengue fever is one of the most important health problems and represents a large economic consequences and health services in developing countries due to burden to hospitals, work absenteeism and risk of death of symptomatic cases. The objective of this study is to determine the mosquito abundance, the relationship between environmental parameters and climate to the occurrence of dengue fever transmission. Spatial and temporal Aedes sp. infestation studies was conducted at Kg. Tersusun Jelapang Jaya and Kg. Manjoi where the distance radius between them is about 2.3 km. These two villages are located in the Gugusan Manjoi, the largest urban cluster of settlements in Perak. Prior the study period, Kg. Tersusun Jelapang Jaya recorded a total of 39 reported cases. On the contrary, no cases had been reported for Kg. Manjoi even though they shared similar geographical, socio-economical and climatic conditions. In this study, the relation of spatial and temporal infestation of Aedes sp. with environmental parameters that include temperature, rainfall and incidence rate of dengue fever was determined. Vector surveillance through Ovitrap Index (OI) was calculated to determine the density of Aedes sp. mosquitoes in both villages. Ovitrap Index (OI) data at dengue outbreak Kg Tersusun Jelapang Jaya might be affected by fogging activities, thus vector surveillance through the determination of the Aedes Index (AI), the Breteau Index (BI) and the Container Index (CI) were carried out to assist in determining the level of infestation of Aedes sp. in the area. In general, monthly rainfall distribution had a strong correlation with the occurrence of dengue fever. Temperature and rainfall have moderate significant correlation with the density of egg / larvae but is found to be insignificant with dengue fever incidence rates.