Examining public perceptions on Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) graduates amid digital transformation in Malaysia: a narrative literature review

There has been a recent upsurge in the perception that Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) majors are considered lower in the category than Diploma and university graduates in Malaysia. Consequently, this framing positions TVET as a second choice, particularly for individuals not deemed academically inclined. Technical skills are essential as they provide the groundwork for engineering and professional duties. Emphasising technical skills also plays a vital role in creating a skilled workforce that meets the changing demands of the industry. This study aims to analyse public perceptions of Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) graduates amid Digital Transformation in Malaysia. The purpose of this study is to explore how these perceptions influence the positioning of TVET as an educational pathway and their implications for the development of employability. This study is based on qualitative data obtained through a narrative literature review, drawing from 15 journal articles about the research topic identified using Google Scholar from 2020 to 2024. The findings indicate that TVET often faces stigma and stereotypes due to a lack of awareness and misconceptions about the importance of TVET education in Malaysia. Hence, the TVET educational attainment on digital transformation is a guide to performing a paradigm shift in stigmatisation and improving the perception of TVET in Malaysia. As Malaysia moves towards industrialisation and economic growth, developing Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) is crucial. Efforts are needed to reshape public perceptions of TVET and encourage young individuals to pursue TVET programs, thereby enhancing their employability in Malaysia.