The influence of different position of (2,3,4)-AMP on chemical, optical properties and voltage-responses of Br-based hybrid perovskite

This study investigates the impact of different position of (2,3,4)-AMP on the chemical, optical properties and voltage-responses of Br-based hybrid perovskite. By systemically varying the position of the amine group within the pyridine ring, the research aims to understand how structural orientation affects perovskite material performance, particularly for optoelectronic and photovoltaic applications. The perovskites were synthesized using a reflux technique under a nitrogen environment and characterized through a Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) Spectroscopy and voltage responses analysis using a voltmeter under solar illumination. The FT-IR results confirmed that all samples shared similar functional groups, through positional shifts influenced bonding behaviors. UV-Vis absorption spectra revealed that 4-AMP exhibited the shortest absorption wavelength, indicating the widest bandgap, while 2-AMP showed the longest, suggesting stronger light absorption. Voltage response test demonstrated that 3-AMP have the most stable and highest voltage output (VDC(max) ~0.9 V) which indicating improves charge transport and potential efficiency. These findings highlight the significance of fine-tuning the molecular structure of organic cations in hybrid perovskites. The positional variation of AMP has influences chemical interactions and light absorption, measurable impact on voltage generation and crucial for the development of stable and high-performance perovskite solar cells.