Extraction of coffee bean oils from spent coffee ground for body oils moisturizer

Nowadays, people encounter many different chemicals each day to protect their skin. Thus, Linoleic Acid (LA) is an omega-6-polyunsaturated fatty acid which can prevent inflammatory and have a potential for skin barrier repair. This study investigates the potential of spent coffee grounds (SCG) as a sustainable source of linoleic acid (LA) for skincare, particularly in the formulation of a body oil moisturizer. SCG, a common by-product of the coffee industry, contains valuable bioactive compounds that benefit the skin. In this research, coffee bean oils were extracted using Soxhlet in hexane for 2 hr. Average percentage oil yield is 21.94 ± 1.49. The presence of derivative LA was confirmed through FTIR analysis, with major peaks was observed at 1743 cm⁻¹ (C=O stretch), 1652 cm⁻¹ (C=C stretch), and 3255 cm⁻¹ (O–H stretch), indicating the presence of methyl linoleate. GC-MS analysis further verified the derivative LA components with a 99% quality match of 9,12- octadecadienoic acid methyl ester (methyl linoleate). GC-FID analysis provided quantitative data on the fatty acid methyl ester concentration of 1386.9 ppm. The sample extract showed moderate antioxidant properties of radical scavenging assay (30-69%), and notable antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) and Escherichia coli (E.coli) especially at 80 percent concentrations (11.33 1.2) using the disc diffusion method. A body oil moisturizer was formulated using the extracted coffee bean oils, blended with other natural oils. The product remained stable in appearance and texture after 7 days under light exposure, room temperature, and dark storage. The pH of the formulation was maintained at a skin-compatible range of 5.5–6.0, and no phase separation was observed. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that linoleic acid extracted from SCG is a promising active ingredient for natural skincare products. The study confirmed antioxidant and antibacterial activities, along with good formulation stability, highlighted the potential of coffee bean oils as sustainable cosmetic development while contributing to waste added value.