A study of architecture and comparison of Internet Protocol (IP) over dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) and other technologies

An industry survey indicated that in 1995, the amount of embedded fiber already in use in the average network was between 70 percent and 80 percent. Today, many carriers are nearing one hundred-percent (100%) capacity utilization across significant portions of their networks. Another problem for carriers is the challenge of deploying and integrating diverse technologies in one physical infrastructure. Customer demands and competitive pressures mandate that carrier offer diverse services economically and deploys them over the embedded network. DWDM provides service providers an answer to that demand. This study deals with the concept of transmitting raw Internet Protocol (IP) packets over an optical layer, which employs Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) for increasing its bandwidth demand. This study also gives an introduction to the DWDM architecture. This study also evaluates the pros and cons of implementing SONET in IP over DWDM networks. The comparison of IP over DWDM and SONET were also discussed here base on bandwidth capability, reliability, and cost and so on. Finally, the protocol architecture that based on the Multiprotocol Lambda Switching (MPLS) was also discussed.