Visualising nationhood: defining national identity of Malaysia Day stamps through semiotic analysis

Stamps can act as ambassadors or windows for countries, serving as miniature forms of visual communication that effectively convey political ideologies, and cultural narratives. Although postage stamps in Malaysia have significantly shaped the nation's identity since 1957, research on Malaysia's visual culture's significance on Malaysia Day stamps remains limited, highlighting a gap in understanding. This research investigates how Malaysia Day-themed postage stamps, issued from 2013 to 2024, construct and project Malaysian national identity. Malaysia Day, observed annually on 16th September, is of immense significance to Malaysia, marking the establishment of the nation since 1963. Understanding these series of stamps is important for national identity because they are miniature canvases of the nation’s evolving self-image. They reveal how Malaysia has visually represented its values, aspirations, and historical narratives. This research employs a semiotic framework, and strategic content analysis, this study examines 24 stamps encompassing eight distinct Malaysia Day themes, sourced from various philatelic archives. The analysis is focusing on visual, and textual components: imagery, colour palettes, symbolism, and typography, to decode the underlying meanings and intended messages. Recurring themes of national unity, cultural diversity, and socio-economic progress are identified, and analysed through semiotic theory analysis. The findings reveal that these stamps are not commemorative artefacts, but as a message in reinforcing government-sanctioned ideologies of multicultural harmony, and national pride. Furthermore, the analysis highlights a gradual shift in iconography that mirrors the change in the political, and cultural landscape of Malaysia. This research contributes to a more profound understanding of visual culture, semiotics, and nation-building, specifically the role of postage stamps in shaping collective memory, and identity formation. Moreover, it sheds light on how Malaysia leverages visual culture to project a particular image of nationhood both domestically, and internationally.