Phytochemical screening of nigella sativa

The phytochemical study of herbal plant becomes important nowadays for both research institutes and pharmaceutical industries as the medicinal plant has commercial value to them. This is because plants becoming an important source of drug since the medicinal value lies in some chemical components of that particular plant. This study is considered significant to the pharmaceutical companies because the medicinal plant is a crucial reference in the preparation of synthetic medication in the formulation of medication for the treatment of various diseases. This study is to introduce a miracle herb, Nigella saliva or widely known as habbatus sauda. Historically, this herb is used for the treatment of cold symptom, skin condition like eczema, cough, bronchitis, against indigestion, promote lactation, headaches, toothaches and to treat diarrhea. The medicinal use of this herb was reported as anti-diabetes, immunopotentiating, immunomodulating, analgesic effect, anti­ microbes, anti-inflammatory agent and antioxidant. The extraction is important for the detection of phytochemical compound in the Nigel/a saliva seeds. However, conventional solvent extraction may yield low quantity of the extracted bioactive component. Therefore, the research objectives include to (1) review the chemical component of Nigel/a saliva using scientific journal, (2) extract Nigel/a saliva using different solvents which are methanol, acetone, and hexane, (3) investigate the presence of phytochemicals in Nigella saliva extracts, and ( 4) compare the percentage yield of the extract produced by different methods of extraction which are normal maceration and kinetic maceration. The kinetic maceration of Nigella saliva seeds produce high percentage yield of crude extract than normal maceration. The 1H-NMR analysis of the minor compound from acetone extract was identified as 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde.