Risk assessment caused by dropped objects on topside facilities and subsea pipelines

In the oil and gas industry, offshore operations continue to develop and increase as the oil and gas becoming one of the high demand year by year. This rapid increment of offshore operations has lead towards the expansion of the subsea facilities and offshore structures. From the offshore operations, there are many possibilities of unexpected accidents that can be happen especially that caused by the dropped object. Dropped object are one of the top incident that can cause a serious impact in the oil and gas industry. The impact load from the dropped objects can cause harm towards the subsea equipment as it vulnerable and difficult to repair plus need much cost to repair it and lead to release of inventories. The consequences of the inventories release due to dropped object are including the human fatalities, offshore damages, pollution and economic impact. Safety measures need to be consider in order to mitigate and reduce this dropped object events. Therefore, to avoid these undesirable events, this research presents an assessment and analysis of risk that caused by dropped objects towards the topside facilities and subsea pipelines which including the qualitative and quantitative risk assessment. The aim of this research is to review the lifting operation that can cause risk from the dropped objects and determine the impact energy towards the facilities by using both qualitative and quantitative risk assessment. Other than that, the frequency of dropped object were determined and protection measurement with proper procedure was recommended as the steps to overcome this dropped object accidents. To achieve this aim, methodology includes the qualitative and quantitative risk assessment is proposed. The quantitative risk assessment are divided into two which are frequency analysis to analyse the frequency of dropped object within a certain parameters and consequences analysis by accessing data in terms of human injuries, assets damages and business impact.