The impact of outdoor recreation on psychological well-being and self-esteem in higher education / Ahmad Haziq Mohd Shahar and Mohd Shariman Shafie

This study examines the relationship between outdoor recreation participation and self-esteem among FSR students at the Seremban 3 campus. Addressing gaps in understanding nature's benefits on university students and limited research on outdoor recreation's role in mitigating stress, it seeks to identify participation levels, self-esteem levels, and their interconnection, contributing to student well-being research. This study employed a quantitative, causal-comparative design to examine the relationship between outdoor recreation participation and self-esteem. A total of 187 FSR students were selected using simple random and probability sampling techniques. Outdoor recreation participation was assessed via the Recreation Experience Preference using a 5-point Likert scale, while self-esteem was measured using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale with a 4-point Likert scale.