Separation of microalgae pigments through TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography) for biocolor using different solvent / Nur Erin Mohamad Nahar

This study is based on separation of microalgae pigments through Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) by using different types of solvent, which could determine their function as bio colourant and this method is commonly used to test pigments and several solvent solutions were explored to improve pigment separation efficiency. Differences in mobile phase with distinct polarity were evaluated for their effect on pigment separation and based on the pigments, retention factors (Rf value) are obtainable. By comparing the Rf value and the appearances of pigment separation, types of pigment could be identified. For example, pigments such as carotenoids, chlorophyll, and lutein could appear based on the types of chosen solvent (non-polar or polar) and methods used homogenization or boiling is better to prepare the extract sample. The Rf values for homogenization process are 0.82 (orange pigment), 0.70 (yellow pigment) and 0.65 (green pigment). Meanwhile, for boiling process, the Rf values are 0.80 (orange pigment), 0.68 (yellow pigment) and 0.58 (green pigment). These outcomes highlight the need of optimising solvent selection for effective bio colourant extraction.