Extraction of lignin from rice husk: a study of lignin yield percentages / Muhammad Fawwaz Shafwan

The purpose of this research is to study the evaluate percentages yield of the rice husk lignin extracted by using two different solvents. This study was focused on compared different solvent-based extraction to examine their effectiveness in lignin yield. In this research, rice husk lignin was extracted using sodium hydroxide, NaOH, hydrogen peroxide, H202 and sulphuric acid, H2SO4 solvent. To achieve the purpose of study, the rice husk was dried in the drying oven to remove moisture before continuing with the lignin extraction process. The extraction process parameter involves the temperature around 90°C with continuous heating and stirring conditions. Lignin is the complex polymer that we can found especially in plant cell walls. Lignin extraction such a tough process as it has strong bound between cellulose and hemicellulose that cause difficulty to break it. However, a lot of research and technologies has been developed to optimize the extraction process nowadays. Lignin not only the important part in formation of cells wall in the plant but also became valuable material in various industry around the world. In fact, lignin has rich source of valuable chemical such as vanillin, phenolic compound that has their own applications. Moreover, lignin has gained outstanding attention from various industry include pharmaceutical industry. As the increase of demand for sustainable and bio-based materials, lignin emerged as favourable resource because of its biodegradability, biocompatibility and antioxidant properties.