A B40 entrepreneurship model using household living aid / Nur Hazwani Zolkifly, Nurul Fadly Habidin and Shahrel Nizar Baharom

The Malaysian government has allocated billions in the form of cost-of-living aid; Bantuan Prihatin Rakyat (BPR), Bantuan Prihatin Nasional (BPN), Bantuan Keluarga Malaysia (BKM), and the like to provide the bottom 40 (B40), the most vulnerable group in the country. Yet, poverty prevails. At the same time, due to COVID-19, many of the M40 households have been reduced to the B40 group. Thus, there is a need for a sustainable model that could raise the household’s income and ultimately help them to overcome poverty. Therefore, this study addresses the development of an entrepreneurship model based on government cash transfer precisely household living aid. The main purpose of this study is to identify the elements needed to develop the cash transfer-based entrepreneurship model for the B40 by qualitatively exploring with a small sample designing a feature model of cash transfer-based entrepreneurship. Through an in-depth interview, the elements of the cash transfer-based entrepreneurship model were collected from ten B40 entrepreneurs in Malaysia. The qualitative data analysis using thematic analysis leads to three main elements: entrepreneurial individual, business system and organizational context. The model will benefit the B40 group and the household living aid recipients by providing a framework for the government to incorporate entrepreneurship into the cash transfer distribution system.