Pattern of antihypertensive drugs used and outcome at medical clinic of Hospital Sungai Buloh / Mohd Zahrul Hafiz Zulkiple

Introduction: The pattern of antihypertensive drugs used in treatment of hypertension changes from time to time in response to any changes in the hypertension treatment guidelines as well as the new formulation and innovation of the drugs. Furthermore, the used of anti hypertensive drugs according to the class varies from one country to another.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the trends of antihypertensive medication use according to class and its impact on blood pressure control. In addition, this study wants to determine the association between demographic data and type of therapy with the blood pressure outcome. Method: A retrospective observational and cohort study with no intervention was conducted. All the clinical notes profiles with diagnosis of essential hypertension were analyzed. Prescriptions for hypertension with other co-morbidities were also included.
Results: A total of 200 patients aged 30-90 years old from the medical clinic of Hospital Sungai Buloh were included in this study which comprised I 02 male patients and 98 female patients. The most frequent antihypertensive drugs used which based on the class of drugs were CCB (67.5%), ACEI (57.5%), followed by β blockers (45%), diuretics (27.5%), ARB (22%) and a adrenergic blockers (5%). Among 200 patients, 92 patients (46%) were having controlled blood pressure and another 54% were having uncontrolled blood pressure with no significant association (p=0.258). 79% of the patients were on combination therapy, which the most favoured combination drug was ACEI and CCB (16.5%). 21 % of patients were on monotherapy treatment, which the most frequent used was ACEI (8.5%). There was no association between demographic data and therapy with outcome.
Conclusion: ACEI and CCB were the most frequent used of antihypertensive drugs. This study revealed that the medication treatment was rationale and complies with the Malaysian Hypertension Guideline.