Callus induction and cytotoxic activities of dendrobium leonis towards MCF 7 breast cancer cell / Siti Khadijah Mohd Zahidi

Dendrobium leonis is a valuable plant that facing extinction. Preservation of this beautiful creature should be done to ensure their existence in this world. Therefore, this study was conducted in order to find suitable media for induction of callus from D. leonis. Besides that, this study was performed to study the cytotoxicity effect of D. leonis. The approach to propagate the plant in this study was by using Plant Tissue Culture technique. There were 4 different media used. The plant was cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium that supplemented with different concentration of plant growth regulators which were peptone and casein hydrolysate. For cytotoxicity test, breast cancer cell, MCF 7 was treated for about 72 hours with stem and leaves extract from D. leonis. The cell viability was determined by using MTT assay. Unfortunately, there was absent of callus on the media after 3 times of repeated experiment using plant tissue culture technique. Contamination by bacteria and fungi occurred on the plant culture. After saving the plant through a few of sterilization techniques, the contamination still happened. Furthermore, the result of antiproliferative properties of extract showed that increase in concentration of extracts inhibit the cancer cell line. The average of IC50 in 3 times of trials for stem and leaves extracts were 394.5 µg/ml and 778.78 µg/ml respectively. Further studies should be performed to prevent the contamination from happened and verify the preliminary data from cytotoxicity test for D. leonis extract.