The antimicrobial properties of marine endophytic fungi from Malaysian green seaweeds / Nurul Adillah Mohd Yasim

Marine endophytic fungi that live inside seaweed have been studied widely for its active bioactivity. It has been reported that marine endophytic fungi have many bioactivity such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and many more. This study focused on the antimicrobial properties of the marine endophytic fungi of green seaweed and to find new sources of antimicrobial agents from natural sources. Twelve extracts (CS1 PDA, CS1 3%, UF1 PDA, UF1 3%, CR1 PDA, CR1 3%, CR2 PDA, CR2 3%, CR3 PDA, CR3 3%, CF 1 PDA and CF PDA) of the selected marine endophytic fungi ( Caulerpa sertularioides, Caulerpa racemosa, Ulva fascia ta and Codi um fragile) 1 were used in this study. The extracts were tested on six species of bacteria (Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica and Salmonella typhimurium) and three species of fungi (Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans and Trichophyton rubrum). Only seven out of twelve extracts exhibited antimicrobial properties. The most active extract was CS PDA due to its active activity against pathogenic bacteria and fungi tested at moderate level. The highest inhibition of CS1 PDA on bacteria was on E. coli with 15.14% followed by S. 1 Enterica (11.30%), P. aeruginosa (10.53%), B. subtilis (8.91 %), S. aureus (8.57%) and S. typhimurium (5.02%). Meanwhile, the highest diameter of zone inhibition of CS1 PDA on Aspergillus niger was 7.25±0.35 mm, Candida albicans was 8.25±0.35 mm and Trichophyton rubrum was 7.50±0.71 mm.