Crypto e-passport using blockchain based system / Sharifah Hasyimah Syed Mohd Khalid

Passport is one of the most important things for the country. It was issued for their citizen that verifies the identity and nationality of the holder on international level. With this document. it will grant it owner a safe passage and protection in a foreign land. Without this document, people will be banned from entering or exiting the country. However, there is a rising problem of fake passport. People who travel with fake passport are usually trying to hide their identity such as a refuge or a terrorist. It is dangerous for criminal that have a bad intention to enter the country. It can cause chaos to the nation. The use of fake passport is not unfamiliar things. There are many cases people who conduct an illegal operation in some part of the country are using a fake passport such as the missing MH370 planes involving two Iranian that expose a two Iranian that bought a fake passport. Many technologies have been developed to combat counterfeit passport syndicate such as e-Passport or electronic passport that was develop as two factor verification for immigration to fully verify the originality of the passport. But it is secure? In 2007 an RFID expert Lukas Grunwald demonstrate how he crash the passport reader at the immigration by infecting a forged chip with a malicious code and crash the passport reader. This incident suggest that the reader are vulnerable to code injection that can reprogram the reader to approve a forged passport as a genuine one. A rising blockchain smart contract that appear secure and reliably fast technology by Ethereum. A smart contact allows the program or data being store in the blockchain block that is decentralize and heavily encrypted. So, an additional measure was suggested by this project to fully take advantage of secure blockchain framework as a third factor to verify the genuineness of the passport.