Public perception regarding sustainability in architecture: a qualitative study of challenges and demands in residential buildings in Tehran / Masoume Taraz and Roghayeh Taraz

Abstract In the rapidly urbanising world, the challenges of global warming, climate change, increased atmospheric pollutants, and the depletion of natural resources make the return to sustainability principles imperative for all. Since architecture is directly related to human life, the adoption of sustainable architectural principles requires serious effort. However, this necessitates awareness among all stakeholders involved in construction and housing such as designers, builders, policy makers, and users. This research investigates general awareness of sustainable architecture principles, focusing on residents of residential buildings in Tehran as the beneficiary of this industry. Using qualitative research methodology, purposive sampling was employed to select residents from various parts of the city. 12 residents of Tehran were asked to participate in an interview. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, recorded, and transcribed, with thematic analysis being the primary method of data analysis. The study identified five main themes from the interview results: understanding and principles of sustainable architecture, practical implementation and examples, personal impact and engagement, recognition and global perspective, and challenges and solutions. Despite existing challenges in the application of sustainability, participants in this research fundamentally prioritise sustainability and emphasise factors such as environmental preservation, resource optimization, and resilience against natural disasters. The findings suggest a growing trend in global understanding and awareness of sustainable architecture but emphasise the need for further action and education. This article contributes valuable efforts towards increasing public awareness and promoting sustainable architectural projects in urban environments, providing strategies for enhancing awareness and improving sustainable architectural projects for professionals and researchers.