The evaluation on antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of azadirachta indica / Nur Haida Natasha Shamsuddin

Azadirachta indica possesses significant medicinal properties and has been extensively used as a health care remedy to treat skin infection, chicken pox and many more in many countries. Therefore, this study is aimed to evaluate the potential of Azadirachta indica as antibacterial and anti-inflammatory. In this study, 50 g of A.indica leaves was used and extracted using different percentage of ethanol which is 50% and 95%. We prepared the extract of A.indica from different percentage of ethanol of 95% and 50% through maceration method for 3 days. In antibacterial bioactivity, disc-diffusion method was utilized. Extracts at all concentration of 50mg/ml, 25g/ml and 12.5 mg/ml are not susceptible to both E.coli and B. licheniformis. Meanwhile for anti-inflammatory bioactivity, heat-induced protein denaturation method against egg albumin was utilized. The results shows 95% ethanol extract of A.indica shows better protein denaturation (55.35% at 1mg/ml) compared to 50% ethanol extract (30.35% at 1mg/ml). The results was compared to the standard drugs of diclofenac. The results was insignificantly P < 0.9. The qualitative phytochemical test give positive results for the present of alkaloid, saponin, and flavonoid in A.indica leaves extract. Therefore, in this study, the 95% and 50% ethanol extract of Azadirachta indica leaves do not show antibacterial activity toward E.coli and B.licheniformis but it shows potential as anti-inflammatory.