Comparison of heighting between total station and GPS by using auto level as a reference in UiTM Perlis / Che Atif Zulfakhrullah Che Hassan

In engineering and surveying, establishing a temporary bench mark (TBM) that have a
reliable reduce level is extremely important since it contribute most of construction that
is being done. This study is done to compare the heighting accuracy between total station
and GPS with auto level serve as a reference. A total of 6 TBM is establish using fly
leveling and these 6 TBM are re-observe using Total Station and GNSS levelling. Using
the total station, the reduce level is transferred from reference point to all TBM using
techeometry method. In GNSS leveling, a relative and absolute leveling method is used
measure the orthometric height of each of the 6 TBM with fitted geoid as a reference
surface. The values are compare with each other to reduce level (RL) that been establish
using Auto level. The total station displays a wider range of errors from 0.13 m all the
way to 0.004 m while the GNSS leveling gives a more consistence result from 0.011 m to
0.063 m. Thus, the total station give a more accurate result but low precision but that
GNSS gives a high precision but lower accuracy