Detection of permeability of hydrocarbon contamination in subsurface using : electromagnetic wave / Norlaila Hanim Salman

Subsurface contaminated by hydrocarbon is a pressing environmental issue with many
industrial sites having some degree of near-surface pollution. The aim of the research
is to investigate spectral content of GPR signal attenuation and scattering within the
hydrocarbon contaminated site and to analyse the parameters of GPR. Non-invasive
method, Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), have been used widely. Their uses have
tended to be restricted to plume mapping and contamination. GPR is an
electromagnetic system used in non-destructive investigation of subsurface. It is based
on the emission by an antenna coupled to the ground, of short electromagnetic pulses
of harmonic waves sweeping a certain frequency band. In this research, the simulation
of radar signals GPR, using Reflexw. The operation of this research is based on the
investigation of hydrocarbon contaminated soil plume using electromagnetic wave by
determining the parameters of GPR which is dielectric constant, permittivity, and
permeability. The simulation has been performed on contaminated soil and it led to
find that the electromagnetic waves are very sensitive to variations in the dielectric
permittivity and electrical conductivity. The graphs produce in this thesis are used to
simulate the real subsurface conditions, a comparison between the GPR response of
clean and contaminated areas where the subsurface material contains and not contains
hydrocarbon contaminants. The result shown contaminated material and noncontaminated
material all exhibit different. Thus, GPR should be able to detect the
signals for soil with and without contaminants. The spectral GPR responses and the
recorded data can provide overview of the contaminant distribution.