Comparison of speed of sound on different water samples using ultrasonic sensor as a tool for non-destructive testing / Muhammad Afiq Abd Razak

Nowadays around Malaysia, it can be seen that the resulting speeding-up of contamination and damage to the water environment. For this purpose, Ultrasonic nondestructive testing (UNDT) is applied to study the quality of some water samples. An underwater sound speed measurement system is used for this (UNDT) to evaluate and compare the effect of sound speed due to different water samples. This measurement system consists of a transceiver ultrasonic sensor, a microcontroller, some PVC pipe housing and a computer. A full horn package is implemented to the ultrasonic sensor as it provides peak accuracy and sensitivity. It also produces very narrow beam shape to reduce losses of sound wave signal during the transmission. In this paper, speed of sound have been measured from two different samples of water which are river and sea water. As for each sample, three samples with different levels of pollutions are selected. As the result, all the samples are compared and discussed