Module temperature modelling for free-standing photovoltaic system in equatorial climate / Hedzelin Zainuddin

The final generation of energy is always one of the important issues in any assessment protocol in determining the performance of a photovoltaic (PV) system. This energy generation depends on several key factors, which may be linked and formulated in a mathematical model that addresses the operating PV module temperature (MT). Whilst much effort have been put into modelling these relationships, very few studies have been conducted in this aspect under equatorial rainforest and fully humid climate region, vis-a-vis Malaysia. Moreover, none of these models developed in Malaysia are for free-standing (FS) systems. This has large impact on solar farms, as an accurate model is critical, in view of the proliferation of such farms in Malaysia.