Determinants and consequences of Total Spectator Experience (Tse): empirical evidence from a sport tourism event Formula One (F1) / Rezian-na Muhammed Kassim

This study applies Environmental Psychology Model (Mehrabian-Russell Mode, 1974) to a sample of 424 sport spectators from Sport Motor Mega Event. Based on the literature, a theoretical model was developed and tested using data collected from spectators attending a major motor sports event (Formula One). The research design of this study also applies the focus group, exploratory, descriptive, convenient sampling and cross-sectional method. The data was collected using survey questionnaire and data analyzes was tested using structural equation modelling (SEM) via AMOS (Analysis of Moment Structures) software package Version 18.0. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were performed to validate the scales. All major goodness fit indices showed that the models acceptable. Fro