Differences in ground reaction force (GRF) between unipedal and bipedal shooting stance among UiTM Seremban 3 netball players

Netball is a high intensity sport requiring repeated jumping landing cutting passing and shooting with goal shooting dependent on technical accuracy body control and lower limb stability. During shooting players utilize either a unipedal single leg stance or a bipedal double leg stance which impacts balance and ground reaction force. A single leg stance narrows the base of support and increases loading on one limb whereas a double leg stance spreads force across both limbs influencing injury risks tied to high lower limb forces. Because research comparing ground reaction forces between these stances is sparse this quantitative cross sectional within subject study aimed to evaluate vertical ground reaction forces during unipedal and bipedal shooting positions among university netball players to help coaches assess mechanical demands. Four right leg dominant female netball shooters from Universiti Teknologi MARA Seremban three performed shooting trials in both stances on an AMTI force plate. Vertical ground reaction force data were recorded processed with AMTI software and trimmed to a steady state two second window to ensure accurate analysis across controlled stance conditions.