Prevalence and association between anti–glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody positivity and body mass index in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Youth (LADY) is a slow progressive form of autoimmune diabetes often misclassified as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) due to overlapping clinical features and lack of routine autoantibody screening. Patients with LADY have poorer glycaemic control and higher cardiovascular risks. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (anti-GAD) positive among young-onset T2DM patients, and to determine its association with body mass index (BMI).