The effect of music tempo on aerobic performance among under-12 swimmers

Music serves as an influential tool in athletic settings by altering mood, motivation, and arousal levels through various tempos measured in beats per minute. While previous research primarily examines land-based activities in adults, this study explores how auditory tempo impacts young swimmers under twelve using an aquatic specific multistage shuttle swim test across distinct conditions including no music, slow tempo music, and fast tempo music delivered through waterproof bone conduction headphones.